Review
- 2023-03-30 07:05
一、Introduction #
What is a computer network?
What is a protocol?
What is the OSI model?
What are the layers of the OSI model?
What is TCP/IP?
What is a router?
What is a switch?
What is a hub?
What is a firewall?
What is NAT?
What is DHCP?
What is DNS?
What is ARP?
What is ICMP?
What is a subnet mask?
What is a default gateway?
What is a MAC address?
What is an IP address?
What is a network mask?
What is a broadcast address?
What is a subnet?
What is a VLAN?
What is a VPN?
What is SSL?
What is TLS?
What is a proxy server?
What is a load balancer?
What is a content delivery network (CDN)?
What is a network topology?
What is a LAN?
What is a WAN?
What is a MAN?
What is a PAN?
What is a wireless network?
What is Wi-Fi?
What is Bluetooth?
What is cellular data?
What is a satellite network?
What is a packet?
What is latency?
What is throughput?
What is bandwidth?
What is a TCP connection?
What is a UDP connection?
What is a socket?
What is a port number?
What is a firewall rule?
What is a NAT rule?
What is a DMZ?
What is a proxy chain?
What is an IP address conflict?
What is a MAC address table?
What is a switch port?
What is a broadcast domain?
What is a collision domain?
What is a network address translation (NAT)?
What is a demilitarized zone (DMZ)?
What is a virtual private network (VPN)?
What is a point-to-point protocol (PPP)?
What is a domain name?
What is a domain name system (DNS)?
What is a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)?
What is a packet sniffer?
What is a network intrusion detection system (NIDS)?
What is a network intrusion prevention system (NIPS)?
What is a denial-of-service (DoS) attack?
What is a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack?
What is a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack?
What is a phishing attack?
What is a SQL injection attack?
What is a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack?
What is a buffer overflow attack?
What is a virus?
What is a worm?
What is a Trojan horse?
What is a spyware?
What is a rootkit?
What is a botnet?
What is a honeypot?
What is a digital certificate?
What is a certificate authority (CA)?
What is a public key infrastructure (PKI)?
What is a secure socket layer (SSL)?
What is a transport layer security (TLS)?
What is a secure shell (SSH)?
What is an access control list (ACL)?
What is a security policy?
What is a broadcast storm?
What is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?
What is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
What is a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack?
What is a packet sniffer?
What is a honeypot?
What is a honeynet?
What is a firewall rule?
What is a stateful firewall?
What is a stateless firewall?
What is an intrusion detection system (IDS)?
What is an intrusion prevention system (IPS)?
What is a virtual private network (VPN)?
What is an SSL VPN?
What is an IPsec VPN?
What is a tunneling protocol?
What is port forwarding?
What is Network Address Translation (NAT)?
What is a demilitarized zone (DMZ)?
What is a load balancer?
What is a content delivery network (CDN)?
What is a proxy server?
What is a reverse proxy?
What is a transparent proxy?
What is a caching server?
What is a web server?
What is an application server?
What is a database server?
What is a file server?
What is a print server?
What is a mail server?
What is a DNS server?
What is a DHCP server?
What is a directory server?
What is a web proxy?
What is a SOCKS proxy?
What is a HTTP proxy?
What is a SMTP proxy?
What is a POP3 proxy?
What is a FTP proxy?
What is a IP proxy?
What is a SFTP?
What is a SSH?
What is a Telnet?
What is a RDP?
What is a VNC?
What is a SNMP?
What is a SMTP?
What is a POP3?
What is a IMAP?
What is a HTTP?
What is a HTTPS?
What is a FTP?
What is a TFTP?
What is a ICMP?
What is a TCP?
What is a UDP?
What is a SSL?
What is a TLS?
What is a SFTP?
What is a FTPS?
What is a HTTP/2?
What is a QUIC?
What is a HTTP/3?
What is a fiber optic cable?
What is a coaxial cable?
What is a twisted pair cable?
What is a CAT5 cable?
What is a CAT6 cable?
What is a CAT7 cable?
What is a patch cable?
What is a crossover cable?
What is a router table?
What is a routing protocol?
What is a static routing?
What is a dynamic routing?
What is a link-state routing protocol?
What is a distance-vector routing protocol?
What is a routing metric?
What is a hop count?
What is a administrative distance?
What is a autonomous system?
What is a subnetting?
What is a CIDR?
What is a VLSM?
What is a supernetting?
What is a multicast?
What is a anycast?
What is a unicast?
What is a broadcast?
What is a multicast group?
What is a multicast router?
What is a link-local address?
What is a global address?
What is a private address?
What is a loopback address?
What is a DNS resolution?
What is a DNS zone?
What is a DNS record?
What is a DNS root server?
What is a DNS resolver?
What is a DHCP lease?
What is a DHCP server scope?
What is a DHCP client?
What is a DHCP relay agent?
What is a subnet mask?
What is a default gateway?
What is a IP address range?
What is a subnet mask range?
What is a network ID?
What is a broadcast address?
What is a host ID?
What is a link-local multicast address?
What is a site-local multicast address?
What is a global multicast address?
What is a multicast scope?
What is a multicast TTL?
What is a router advertisement?
What is a router solicitation?
What is a neighbor discovery?
What is a link-local unicast address?
What is a computer network? Answer: A computer network is a group of computers and other devices that are connected together to allow communication and the sharing of resources.
What is a protocol? Answer: A protocol is a set of rules that govern the communication between devices on a network.
What is TCP/IP? Answer: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a suite of communication protocols used to connect devices on the Internet.
What is a router? Answer: A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks and forwards data packets between them.
What is a switch? Answer: A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices together in a local network and forwards data packets between them.
What is a firewall? Answer: A firewall is a security device that controls the traffic between a network and the Internet or other networks, and helps to protect against unauthorized access and attacks.
What is a VPN? Answer: A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a secure and private connection between two networks or devices over the Internet.
What is DNS? Answer: DNS (Domain Name System) is a protocol used to translate human-readable domain names (such as google.com) into IP addresses (such as 172.217.5.46).
What is a subnet? Answer: A subnet is a logical subdivision of a larger network, created by dividing an IP address range into smaller sub-ranges.
What is bandwidth? Answer: Bandwidth refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection in a given amount of time, usually measured in bits per second (bps).
What is latency? Answer: Latency refers to the delay between the sending and receiving of data on a network, often caused by the physical distance between devices, network congestion, or processing delays.
What is a packet? Answer: A packet is a unit of data that is transmitted over a network, consisting of a header (containing information about the packet) and a payload (containing the actual data being transmitted).
What is a MAC address? Answer: A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use in communication on a network.
What is a VLAN? Answer: A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical grouping of devices on a network, often used to segregate network traffic and improve network performance and security.
What is a WAN? Answer: A WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that spans a large geographical area, often using public or private telecommunications infrastructure.
What is a LAN? Answer: A LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that spans a small geographical area, typically within a single building or campus.
What is a mesh network? Answer: A mesh network is a network topology in which each device acts as a node that relays data to other devices, creating multiple paths for data to travel and improving network resilience and performance.
What is a hub? Answer: A hub is a networking device that connects multiple devices together in a local network and broadcasts data packets to all devices, regardless of the intended recipient.
What is a repeater? Answer: A repeater is a networking device that receives and retransmits signals to extend the range of a network, typically used in wired networks or wireless networks with weak signals.
What is a gateway? Answer: A gateway is a networking device that connects different networks with different protocols, translating data between them and facilitating communication between devices on different networks.
What is a bridge? Answer: A bridge is a networking device that connects two network segments together, forwarding data packets between them and improving network performance by reducing network traffic.
What is a server? Answer: A server is a computer or device that provides services or resources to other devices on a network, such as file sharing, email, or web hosting.
What is a client? Answer: A client is a computer or device that uses services or resources provided by a server on a network, such as accessing files or browsing the Internet.
What is bandwidth throttling? Answer: Bandwidth throttling is the intentional slowing down of network traffic by an Internet service provider (ISP) or network administrator, often used to control network congestion or limit data usage.
What is a DMZ? Answer: A DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) is a subnetwork that sits between a private network and the Internet, containing servers and services that are accessible to the public but separated from the private network for security reasons.
What is a proxy server? Answer: A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server on the Internet, forwarding requests and filtering traffic for security or performance reasons.
What is a load balancer? Answer: A load balancer is a networking device that distributes network traffic across multiple servers or resources to improve network performance, availability, and reliability.
What is a packet sniffer? Answer: A packet sniffer is a software or hardware tool that intercepts and analyzes network traffic, often used for debugging, monitoring, or security purposes.
What is a denial-of-service attack? Answer: A denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to overwhelm a network or server with a flood of traffic or requests, rendering it inaccessible to legitimate users.
What is a distributed denial-of-service attack? Answer: A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is a type of DoS attack that uses multiple compromised devices to flood a network or server with traffic or requests, making it even harder to defend against.
What is a firewall? Answer: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules, protecting the network from unauthorized access or threats.
What is NAT? Answer: NAT (Network Address Translation) is a technique used to translate private IP addresses used in a local network to a public IP address used on the Internet, allowing devices in the local network to communicate with devices on the Internet.
What is port forwarding? Answer: Port forwarding is a technique used to redirect network traffic from one IP address and port combination to another, allowing external devices to access services hosted on devices within a local network.
What is SSH? Answer: SSH (Secure Shell) is a cryptographic network protocol used to securely access and control devices over an unsecured network, typically used for remote login or file transfers.
What is SSL? Answer: SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a cryptographic protocol used to secure communications over the Internet, typically used to encrypt data transmitted between a web server and a web browser.
What is TLS? Answer: TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a successor to SSL, used to encrypt and secure data transmitted over the Internet, typically used to secure web traffic and email communications.
What is a VPN? Answer: A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a network technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection over a public network (such as the Internet), allowing users to access resources on a private network as if they were directly connected to it.
What is a proxy? Answer: A proxy is a server that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server, typically used to filter or control network traffic, improve performance, or provide anonymity.
What is a DNS server? Answer: A DNS (Domain Name System) server is a networking device that translates domain names (such as www.example.com) into IP addresses (such as 192.168.0.1) to facilitate communication between devices on a network.
What is a cache? Answer: A cache is a type of memory used to store frequently accessed data or resources for quick retrieval, often used to improve performance and reduce network traffic.
What is RAID? Answer: RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is a data storage technology that uses multiple disks to improve data reliability, availability, or performance, often used in enterprise or high-performance computing environments.
What is a switch? Answer: A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices together in a local network, forwarding data packets between them based on their MAC addresses.
What is a router? Answer: A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks together, forwarding data packets between them based on their IP addresses, often used to facilitate communication between devices on different networks.
What is a repeater? Answer: A repeater is a networking device that receives and retransmits signals to extend the range of a network, typically used in wired networks or wireless networks with weak signals.
What is FTP? Answer: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard protocol used to transfer files over a network, often used to upload/download files from a remote server or to manage website content.
What is SSH tunneling? Answer: SSH tunneling is a technique used to create an encrypted tunnel between a local and remote host, allowing traffic to be securely transmitted between them over an untrusted network.
What is a subnet? Answer: A subnet is a portion of a network that shares a common network prefix, allowing devices within the subnet to communicate with each other using only their local IP addresses.
What is a VLAN? Answer: A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical grouping of devices within a physical network, allowing for improved network security and management by segregating traffic based on specific criteria.
What is a packet? Answer: A packet is a unit of data transmitted over a network, consisting of a header (containing control information) and a payload (containing the actual data).
What is a protocol? Answer: A protocol is a set of rules or standards that dictate how devices communicate with each other over a network, allowing for interoperability between different devices and systems.
What is a router table? Answer: A router table (also known as a routing table or routing information base) is a database stored on a router that contains information about the routes that can be used to forward packets between different networks.
What is QoS? Answer: QoS (Quality of Service) is a set of techniques used to prioritize and manage network traffic based on predefined criteria, ensuring that critical data is transmitted with higher priority and that network resources are used efficiently.
What is MPLS? Answer: MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a protocol used to improve the speed and efficiency of network traffic routing, allowing data to be transmitted along preconfigured paths based on labels rather than individual IP addresses.
What is a load balancer? Answer: A load balancer is a networking device that distributes network traffic evenly across multiple servers, ensuring that no single server is overloaded and improving overall system performance and reliability.
What is a proxy server? Answer: A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server, typically used to filter or control network traffic, improve performance, or provide anonymity.
What is a DNS cache? Answer: A DNS cache is a type of memory used to store previously resolved domain names and their corresponding IP addresses, allowing for faster lookups and reducing network traffic.
What is a network topology? Answer: A network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of devices in a network, including how they are connected and the paths that data takes between them.
What is a network interface card (NIC)? Answer: A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component that connects a device to a network, allowing it to transmit and receive data over the network.
What is a gateway? Answer: A gateway is a networking device that connects two or more different networks together, allowing them to communicate with each other by translating protocols and addressing schemes.
What is a subnet mask? Answer: A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used to divide an IP address into a network prefix and a host address, allowing devices within the same subnet to communicate directly with each other.
What is a ping? Answer: Ping is a network utility used to test the connectivity between two devices by sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packets and measuring the response time.
What is a domain name? Answer: A domain name is a unique alphanumeric name used to identify a website or server on the internet, typically consisting of a top-level domain (TLD), a domain name, and an optional subdomain.
What is DHCP? Answer: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration settings to devices on a network.
What is a subnet mask? Answer: A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used to divide an IP address into a network prefix and a host address, allowing devices within the same subnet to communicate directly with each other.
What is a firewall? Answer: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, preventing unauthorized access and protecting against malicious attacks.
What is a DMZ? Answer: A DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) is a separate network segment that sits between an internal network and the public internet, allowing for controlled access to network resources from outside the organization.
What is a MAC address? Answer: A MAC address (Media Access Control address) is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) that is used to identify devices on a network.
What is a default gateway? Answer: A default gateway is a networking device that serves as the entry and exit point for network traffic between a local network and the internet or another external network.
What is a subnet mask? Answer: A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used to divide an IP address into a network prefix and a host address, allowing devices within the same subnet to communicate directly with each other.
What is a port number? Answer: A port number is a 16-bit number used to identify specific processes or applications running on a device, allowing them to receive data sent to a specific port and respond accordingly.
What is a switch? Answer: A switch is a networking device used to connect multiple devices together within a local network, allowing them to communicate with each other through packet switching.
What is a router? Answer: A router is a networking device used to connect multiple networks together and forward data packets between them, allowing devices on different networks to communicate with each other.
What is a hub? Answer: A hub is a simple networking device that connects multiple devices together within a local network, allowing them to communicate with each other through broadcast communication.
What is the OSI model? Answer: The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework used to standardize the communication protocols used in computer networks, consisting of seven layers that define different aspects of network communication.
What is a VLAN? Answer: A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical grouping of devices within a physical network, allowing for improved network security and management by segregating traffic based on specific criteria.
What is a DNS server? Answer: A DNS (Domain Name System) server is a server that translates domain names into IP addresses, allowing devices to locate and communicate with other devices on a network or the internet.
What is a proxy server? Answer: A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server, typically used to filter or control network traffic, improve performance, or provide anonymity.
What is a router table? Answer: A router table (also known as a routing table or routing information base) is a database stored on a router that contains information about the routes that data packets can take to reach their destination on a network.
What is a load balancer? Answer: A load balancer is a networking device or software that distributes network traffic across multiple servers or devices, improving performance, availability, and scalability.
What is a VPN? Answer: A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a network technology that creates a secure and encrypted connection between devices over a public network, allowing for secure remote access and communication.
What is a WAP? Answer: A WAP (Wireless Access Point) is a networking device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network, providing wireless network connectivity within a specific area.
What is a packet? Answer: A packet is a unit of data sent across a network, consisting of a header and payload that contain information about the source, destination, and content of the data.
What is latency? Answer: Latency is the amount of time it takes for data to travel between two points on a network, typically measured in milliseconds.
What is throughput? Answer: Throughput is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given period of time, typically measured in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second (Bps).
What is jitter? Answer: Jitter is the variation in the delay of data packets as they travel across a network, typically caused by fluctuations in network traffic or network congestion.
What is a VPN tunnel? Answer: A VPN tunnel is a secure and encrypted connection established between two devices or networks over a public network, allowing for secure communication and remote access.
What is NAT? Answer: NAT (Network Address Translation) is a technique used to modify IP addresses and port numbers in network traffic, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP address.
What is port forwarding? Answer: Port forwarding is a technique used to allow external devices to access a specific device or service on a local network by forwarding incoming traffic from a specific port to the appropriate device or service.
What is bandwidth? Answer: Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given period of time, typically measured in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second (Bps).
What is a network topology? Answer: A network topology is the physical or logical layout of a network, defining the connections, devices, and paths used for communication between devices.
What is a VPN concentrator? Answer: A VPN concentrator is a networking device used to manage and establish VPN connections between multiple devices, allowing for secure remote access and communication.
What is a subnet? Answer: A subnet is a portion of a larger network that has been divided into smaller networks, typically to improve network performance and manageability.
What is a VLAN? Answer: A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a virtual network created within a physical network, allowing devices to be grouped together logically regardless of their physical location.
What is a firewall? Answer: A firewall is a network security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, allowing or blocking traffic based on predefined security policies.
What is a proxy server? Answer: A proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary between devices on a network and the internet, allowing for increased security, privacy, and performance.
What is a domain name? Answer: A domain name is a human-readable name that represents the IP address of a device or service on the internet, typically used to access websites or other internet resources.
What is DNS? Answer: DNS (Domain Name System) is a hierarchical naming system that translates domain names into IP addresses, allowing devices to access internet resources using human-readable names.
What is DHCP? Answer: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and network configuration settings to devices on a network.
What is FTP? Answer: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a network protocol used for transferring files between devices on a network, typically used for uploading and downloading files to and from a web server.
What is SSH? Answer: SSH (Secure Shell) is a network protocol used for secure remote access and communication between devices over a network, providing a secure alternative to Telnet.
What is SSL? Answer: SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a cryptographic protocol used to secure internet communication by encrypting data transmitted between devices, typically used for securing web traffic.